The article is devoted to analysing the achievements of the laureates of the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences in 2021. The author described the methods of natural experiment used by the laureates in their research. Further, the author noted the differences between different types of experiments: laboratory, field, computer and mental (thought, imaginary). The author described details of two of their studies (which have become classic) on the consequences for the labour market of the influx of immigrants and the increase in the minimum wage. The methods and results of the laureates’ research on assessing the consequences of state programs and structural decisions are also analysed. In conclusion, the author considered new experimental and econometric research methods, which the laureates have significantly improved. In particular, it concerns the method of counter samples and an example from the author’s research using this method.

The strategic objectives of the subject (a person, a group of individuals, an estate, a class, a nation, a community, a state, groups of states, a society) are determined mainly by the conditions in which the subject is located. It includes its specifications (including traditions, worldview, level of development, and available knowledge) by its capabilities and opportunities. Changing even one of the listed factors can cause a change in goals. The paper presents the results of a study of the movement towards achieving vital goals that society sets for the long term: society’s strategic goals. The goal of society in this study the author understood as a specific image (representation) of the result formed by society, which it strives to achieve. The author assessed the speed and nature of the movement towards achieving the constituent components of the strategic goals of the Russian Federation — preserving the nation and increasing the economic power of the country. Statistical data of the World Bank and the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation from 1992 to 2020 served as initial information for calculations. The calculations performed showed that the movement towards achieving the set goals was of an oscillatory nature, and the amplitude of fluctuations in time tended to decrease. The latter indicates a slowdown in the speed of approaching the set goals.

This article focuses on the impact of the financial sector on inclusive, sustainable development. The paper aims to study the impact of the fintech industry and financial inclusion on the development of the financial system to achieve the UN SDGs. We discussed various approaches to the content of the “fintech” and “ecosystem” terms and offered an interpretation of the term “financial inclusion”. We used comparative and system analysis methods to study the publications of many authors who found that a developed and inclusive financial system affects the reduction of poverty and inequality, welfare and employment, consumer market, economic growth, sustainable development, etc. At the same time, we showed variants of the relationship between increased access to financial services and financial stability, which can both be positive and negative. The state of the financial services market in Russia, which ranks high in various ratings in terms of financial inclusion, is described in detail. Further, we considered the barriers to the growth of financial inclusion in Russia and ways to overcome them. The practical significance of the work lies in the possibility of its use in the development of key areas of financial market development. Next, more attention needs to be paid to regulatory influences on consumer behaviour in selecting services and their providers.

The rapid development of digital platforms, the formation of new business models of interaction between the economics agents, as well as the problem of increasing the efficiency of resources have generated the need to develop new approaches to the exchange of resources using modern digitalization opportunities. The purpose of our study is to develop models of business processes for the exchange of financial resources on crowdinvesting platforms using tokenization. The research subject is the economic relations between transactions on crowdinvesting platforms participants. The authors proposed a typology of business processes of crowdinvesting platforms, taking into account the type of transaction scenario (credit (closed) and speculative (opened)), which allows grouping the processes of exchange of financial assets allocated by the Cambridge Center for Alternative Finance. In addition, traditional models of financial assets exchange on a crowdinvesting platform are described. We proposed models of the exchange of financial assets on a crowdinvesting platform considering the tokenization process. Also, we substantiated that the tokenization will significantly increase the liquidity of over-the-counter securities, shares of non-public joint-stock companies, investments in real estate construction projects. The theoretical significance of the results obtained lies in expanding the theoretical and methodological basis for the development of the sharing economy in the financial area. The practical relevance of the proposed model is in the possibility of its application in improving the processes of exchanging financial resources on crowdinvesting platforms.

The article presents a conceptual approach to the formation and development of labour relations in the context of socio-economic systems. The author shows that ecosystems as integrated organizational and economic structures, which developed intra-industry and inter-industry cooperative ties characterize functioning, consisting mainly of intelligent firms. In this regard, ecosystem management should be carried out not by directive methods, as in traditional business structures, but based on participatory governance and self-government principles, which also affects the specifics of human resource management. The author formulated the top-priority management tasks in the field of increasing the intellectual potential of ecosystem workers and methods for increasing the loyalty and involvement of personnel and highlighted the problems of labour relations arising in the conditions of ecosystem employment.

The article attempts to evaluate the use of the conventional statistical apparatus to identify alpha companies in the Russian express logistics market. According to the theory of economic dominance, Alpha-companies occupy dominant positions in industry markets due to access to the cheapest resources and institutional advantages that allow them to build barriers to other players. Identification of such companies has traditionally been carried out by an expert method, including based on insider information, not available to external market players. The author describes the traditional tools used to identify the dominant market players [concentration indices (CR), Lind (L) and Herfindahl-Hirschman (HHI)], made calculations based on official statistics, data from open ratings and other available benchmarks for the express delivery industry in Russia, as well as a comparison with the results of determining alpha companies by an expert method. The author formulated hypotheses to explain the reasons for situations when companies with dominant capabilities are not interested in realizing their potential in a small market. Additionally, the author used some assumptions about the role of institutions regulating the market in case of sharp changes in market conditions.

The article describes the features of building and assessment of spatial development scenarios in long-term forecasts. The author used the scenario approach for qualitative and quantitative assessment of alternative strategies for regional development within the framework of the macroeconomic forecast for the development of the Russian economy. Further, the author analyzed the experience of developing spatial scenarios for the EU countries and Russia. Next, the longterm regional trends are presented, which, due to the high inertia of space, will determine spatial development in the future. The author also describes modern problems that significantly impact the choice of strategies for the regions. Prospects for spatial development the author assessed in the framework of three forecast scenarios. For two options of the macroeconomic forecast, the author calculated quantitative estimates of the spatial development parameters characterizing the scenarios. Relevant calculations the author performed using macroeconomic and interregional forecasting and analytical models. Finally, the author showed the advantages of the scenario of balanced growth from the standpoint of implementing national goals of social and economic development.

The aim of this article is a presentation of the methodologies used in the assessment of the innovative potential of the military-industrial complex enterprises. They are based on the integrated index. We achieved this purpose by listing the showings of the innovative potential assessment of the military-industrial complex enterprises, describing methods of their calculation, and reducing them to the consolidated tool. The academic novelty of our study comes down to studying the modern methodologies of the innovative potential assessment based on the integrated index and creating it for the military-industrial complex enterprises. The study results are as follows — integrated methodologies of the innovative potential assessment of the military-industrial complex enterprises and creation of the author’s methodology of the innovative potential assessment of the military-industrial complex enterprises based on the innovative potential assessment of the military-industrial complex enterprises.