Relevance of the research topic: currently, space is considered as a new economic resource, the use of which can generate profit for companies that have access to it. The participation of private capital in space exploration contributes to the search for new business niches and the formation of new economic sectors, one of which is space tourism.

   The purpose of the article is to study the current state and development trends of a new branch of the world economy — space tourism.

   To conduct the study, general scientific methods were used: analysis, synthesis, deduction, comparative analysis, generalization, as well as special scientific methods: structural analysis, statistical method, grouping method, graphical method and SWOT analysis method. A review of scientific publications on the problems of space tourism development allowed the author to propose his own definition of this phenomenon and identify its main features at the present stage of development. The author identified and analysed the main types of space tourism (orbital, suborbital, lunar and stratospheric), identified the main participants in the global space tourism market, conducted a comparative analysis of the technologies used to provide services for sending tourists into space, and conducted a SWOT analysis of the development of the global space tourism industry, he also analyzed the state of space tourism in Russia. The results and conclusions of the article are of interest to researchers studying the development of economic sectors related to space activities, as well as to government agencies whose decisions affect the development of the space industry in Russia.

   The necessity of creation and implementing innovations, as well as the growth of ecosystems, are significant trends in modern economic development. Their combination and unification in the format of an innovation ecosystem opens up new opportunities and poses new research challenges.

   Therefore, the purpose of this article is to identify promising models for coordinating network interactions in the process of creating common innovative value, as well as developing tools for justifying the choice of the most appropriate formats for coordinating ecosystem interactions (an orchestration, in other words).

   The theoretical and methodological basis of the study includes: the concept of ecosystems, innovative value creation networks, role design and models of ecosystem interactions coordination, the concept, and models of assessing digital maturity. Based on the results of the analysis, promising models of ecosystem management were identified: hybrid orchestration, multi-orchestration and multi-tier orchestration. The characteristics of ecosystem roles are given, their influence on the success of creating overall innovative value is noted. An approach is proposed to determine possible ecosystem roles based on the ratio of maturity levels of participants and the ecosystem as a whole. A structured analysis of various approaches to assessing ecosystem maturity was carried out. The tools developed by the authors to justify the choice of ecosystem orchestration formats have scientific novelty: a framework for the formation of management and cooperation models in an innovation ecosystem and the structure of a flexible multi-component model for assessing the maturity of a territory’s innovation ecosystem. The practical significance of the proposed tools is that they will allow making more informed decisions in the field of ecosystem orchestration by combining and systematizing key aspects of creating shared innovative value and modern management models.

   For decades, Egypt has been developing under the pressure of unfavorable factors that consistently complicate the work of its reproductive mechanisms, the functioning of the market and other institutions, and result in a series of economic turmoil, social tensions, and political upheavals. In certain periods, the country managed, under favorable circumstances, to mobilize its capabilities to temporarily offset and compensate for the negative influence of internal and external factors and even demonstrate signs of some macroeconomic stability. But the general trend, characteristic of and inherent in an economy developing in harsh conditions, did not give a chance to stay on a more or less constant course for a long time. At the beginning of the second decade of the new century, violent popular uprisings and demonstrations actually led the country to a serious crisis. Its echoes are still felt today, and they carry an element of extremely undesirable destabilization for the largest state in the region. Egypt has historically retained the status of a regional power, no longer the only one, but involved in almost all economic and political initiatives and processes developing in the Arab region, playing an important role in them, which, naturally, should be supported by the corresponding economic potential.

   The relevance of national approaches to the study of corporate responsibility in the field of sustainable development is based not only on the expansion of methodological tools for assessment, but also on the need to provide it with a global perspective. Of particular interest is the study of corporate responsibility in developing countries that lag behind in terms of adoption but have distinct national characteristics. India, as the first country to oblige its companies to allocate funds for corporate social responsibility (CSR), demonstrates its intentions to form a national concept of sustainable
development. The BRICS partnership between Russia and India provides opportunities for deeper co-operation in the field of sustainable development in general and corporate responsibility in particular. The paper chooses reports related to sustainable development and corporate social responsibility expenditures, as well as public initiatives of Indian companies as objects of research. An indicator characterising the national corporate approach to sustainable development is proposed.

   Subject. The global economic crisis of 2008, geopolitical crises between 2014 and 2023 and the socio-economic consequences of the COVID‑19 pandemic have a significant negative impact on the stock markets. The result of this influence is a significant increase in stock market volatility and instability.

   The purpose of the article is to develop a methodology for assessing the
sustainability of the stock market and, on its basis, carrying out a comparative analysis of the sustainability of the stock markets of the Russian Federation and the USA.

   Methodology. Systematic and comparative analysis is used, as well as statistical methods and methods of the theory of cenoses.

   Scientific novelty: a dimensionless indicator of the stability of the economic system of stock market companies has been developed.

   Results. A methodology is proposed for assessing the sustainability of stock market issuing companies based on its model — economic cenosis. Within the framework of this methodology, a cenological analysis of structural changes and stability of the economic system under consideration is carried out. The developed methodology was tested based on the capitalization data of 100 companies listed on the Moscow Exchange and the S&P 500 index. A comparative analysis of the stability of the stock markets of the Russian Federation and the United States showed a sufficient degree of stability of the Russian stock market in relation to one of the most developed stock markets in the world — the US stock market.

   Conclusions. The proposed methodology makes it possible to assess the sustainability of the stock market as a unified economic system of issuing companies based on their key parameter — capitalization. Maximizing the sustainability indicator makes it possible to determine the potential investment valuation of the selected company shares, provided that the economic system of the stock market, in the process of its evolution, strives for its most stable state.

   Practical significance. The results and conclusions of the article may be in demand not only by regulatory organizations and stock market participants, but also by potential ordinary investors.

   The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to develop alternative methods of international settlements for Russia in the context of increasing sanctions pressure. Over the past few years, countries have been actively implementing new tools that have emerged due to digitalization and have been called “digital financial assets”, the potential of which can
be realized, including in the field of international settlements, ensuring a reduction in sanctions pressure on the Russian economy.

   The purpose of this article is to identify the possibilities of using digital financial assets as a tool for international settlements.

   Methods. The study was carried out using up-to-date data and sources, as well as an analysis of the principles, methodological approaches and practices of using digital financial assets in international settlements.

   The scientific novelty of the work is that it presents the mechanism of Russia’s use of digital financial assets for international settlements and highlights its key risks.

   The results of the study. The article examines the essence of digital financial assets, reveals the features and mechanisms of their application in international settlements, presents the approaches of various countries to
regulate them, and examines the possibilities and risks of their introduction in Russia.

   Practical significance. The results and conclusions of the article can be useful both for the scientific community and for participants in foreign economic activity and other organizations working with digital financial assets, as well as for the Bank of Russia.

   The relevance of the research is determined by current situation of the long-term targeted sanctions impact on the technological sectors of the Russian economy and strategic importance of ensuring sustainable development of the national space industry.

   The purpose of the research is to review the external sanctions measures and to examine the possible extent of their influence on the development of the industry, to identify strategic risks and to propose priority goals and tools to achieve them within the framework of managing the task of maintaining the competitiveness of the Russian space sector.

   Methods: the study was carried out on the basis of actual foreign legal framework analysis with the application of abstractlogical methods.

   Scientific novelty: the author proposed comprehensive measures to support the sustainable development of the rocket and space industry under conditions of significant external restrictions.

   Research results: the article systematizes the main current sanctions measures against the domestic space industry and puts forward mechanisms to counteract their negative impact.

   Practical significance: the outcomes can be useful both for the scientific community and for decision-makers, who participate in the processes of strategic planning for the development of the national rocket and space industry.

   Relevance: the article analyzes an alternative view of the model of sustainable development of the pipe industry. A comparative description of the classical and author’s models is given.

   The following methods were used in the work: analysis of reliable sources, up-to-date data, as well as calculations of an integrated model of sustainable development using the example of the Chelyabinsk Pipe Rolling Plant.

   The scientific novelty of the research consists in the fact that the author’s model of sustainable development of the pipe industry is proposed, justifi ed, and substantiated on the basis of the interaction of the main areas of sustainability (on the example of the Russian Federation and the European Union).

   The results and conclusions of the article can be useful for the scientifi c community and pipe industry enterprises in the development of strategic economic development programs.

   The purpose of this study is to analyze the processes of transformation of crisis management in socio-economic systems in the context of digitalization and to develop, using the example of a “Smart City”, an approach to the formation of a crisis management system using modern digital technologies and embedding in this system a controlling module responsible for information and analytical support of decision-making processes.

   The research methodology uses a systematic, complex and logical analysis of the ongoing processes of digitalization, as well as a theoretical and methodological apparatus for developing a crisis management system in socio-economic systems in the context of digitalization using the example of a “Smart City”.

   The results of the study include the following: an approach to the transformation of crisis management in socio-economic systems in the context of digitalization has been developed using the example of a “Smart City”; the main requirements and provisions for the formation of a crisis management system in the conditions of digitalization have been formulated; based on the analysis, comprehensive proposals for the formation of a crisis management system using the example of a “Smart City” have been formulated with a built-in controlling module.

   In the context of the turbulence of the global economy, the relevance of research aimed at determining the ability to ensure the sustainable development of national economies within the current model of global economic development is increasing.

   The purpose of this study is to obtain data characterizing the development potential of national economies.

   The article analyzes the impact of globalization on the dynamics of development of the leading national economies in the ranking of countries in terms of GDP at PPP with a population of more than 50 million people. At the same time, the following characteristics were studied: labor productivity, the level of debt burden, the level of consumption of industrial products and services in the domestic market, the standard of living of the population, the ratio of income of the population and the level of per capita consumption. It is shown that in the analyzed countries the total per capita consumption is greater than per capita GDP. It was revealed that the differentiation of the debt burden in various segments of the economy is due to the difference in the dynamics of labor productivity. It is shown that within the framework of the current models of national economies, the conditions for the generation of structural problems and the decline in the level of consumption and the quality of life of the population have been formed.

   The presented work examines the impact of financial ethics and financial literacy on the interest shown by accounting students studying in the city of Lubuklingau* in using financial technology products. The article uses quantitative research methods. The survey, with pre-defined criteria specifically targeted at accounting students who use fintech products, had 661 respondents. The study results demonstrate that financial literacy and financial ethics have a significant impact on students’ interest in using financial technologies.