The article analyzes the main threats from the development of the environmental crisis; shows imperfections and deviations of the Green party movement, activities of relevant international organizations and agreements. Particular emphasis is placed on the development of bionics technologies - two fundamental technological structures of NBIC (nano-, bio-, info- and cogno) and NBICS (nano-, bio-, info-, cogno-, and socio) technologies are opposed to each other. The task is to develop the concept of a full-fledged international environmental movement to protect the Biosphere and the Noosphere of the Earth as a single living organism. The material consists of two publications. The first represents geoeconomic aspects (including high technologies) of the possible environmental movement to transform the relations of people’s world to the Nature (meaning the rethinking of global trends in this area and to give a new vector of the renewed sense of movement). In the second - the authors consider the planet as a living organism through the prism of the Biosphere and Noosphere approaches and analyze the risks of the technosphere economy which is affecting our lives.

The article refers to the problem of technological backwardness of Russia and ways to overcome it. The author assesses the situation in the country innovation environment, conducts benchmarking of Russia and leading innovative countries, describes a system for creating and distributing “smart public money” through development institutions, in particular through the Russian Venture Company (RVC) - State fund and a development institute of the Russian Federation, one of the key tools in building its own national innovation system. To assess the state of the environment in innovation RVC developed a two-dimensional matrix. Based on a comparative analysis, it is concluded that the Russian science structure, as well as its productivity to innovation and technology, is far behind the advanced world science. The author believes that Russia should focus on breakthrough technologies, rather than on the modernization of existing ones. He sees the problem in that that too few large companies in Russia are engaged in innovative activity, therefore RVC gives boost to working with the corporate sector. Considering the instruments of state support, the author proposes to use the National Technology Initiative (NTI) in order to collect them in a clear pool, built in the investment decision-making process support. The article details the role of corporate science and universities as sources of innovation. Presented are the principal results of the RVC activities in 2016 and plans for the current year. There are still a lot of barriers on the way of innovation in Russia that need to be addressed for the successful technological development. The author emphasizes that innovation only appear in a favorable business climate, where there is freedom of creativity.

The article presents a study of trends in the development of domestic production, as a new path of advancing development, the decision of strategic planning issues and government involvement in the extension of refinancing under the obligations of industrial enterprises in the long term, promoting public-private partnership (PPP) in the field of new technologies through the state budget. Objectives Justification of the value of non-primary business, acting with the concept of the new industrialization of Russia, aimed at ensuring the breakthrough of social and economic development of the country and the quality of the welfare state. Implementation of an effective financial and scientific-technical model industrial complex development will solve the main task of the national innovation development, to solve important problems associated with the transition to domestic sources of credit, expansion of refinancing under the obligations of industrial companies on a long term basis. Modern technological modernization of the economy in unity with the innovative development through research and development and the accelerated build-up of human capital will ensure the growth of the national economy.

In article the author describes process forming of own budget MERCOSUR - the total market of the countries of South America, the integration consolidation created in 1991. Members MERCOSUR are Argentina, Brazil, Venezuela, Paraguay and Uruguay now. The sixth country, Bolivia, is in process of accession to the block today. Associated members of consolidation - Guyana, Colombia, Peru, Surinam, Chile and Ecuador. Mexico and New Zealand have the status of observers. The total amount of GDP of the states MERCOSUR in 2014 made 3,2 trillion US dollar. The population of the countries of consolidation totals over 285 million people. In article it is shown how own resources MERCOSUR are created and distributed through system of budgets of various bodies entering into this international organization (Fund of structural convergence MERCOSUR, Social institute MERCOSUR, Parliament MERCOSUR, the Secretariat MERCOSUR, the Secretariat of Fixed auditing court, etc.). Through these budgets financial provision of activities MERCOSUR on economic integration of member countries, including content of bodies MERCOSUR is performed.

Among the important events we should mention signed the Trans-Pacific Partnership Agreement (TPPA). TPPA is a platform that covers the some economies in the Asia-Pacific region. Creating Trans-Pacific Partnership determined by the desire of national economies to intensify trade and economic relations with other countries in the region, to the liberalization of trade in goods and services, investment processes, unification of regulation of economic activity. At the same time the analysis of the open published information about the negotiation process and the content of the signed Agreement leads to the conclusion of ambiguity and contradiction as the possible consequences for the economic development of the Asia-Pacific region, and for the entire world economy. The article analyzes the economics of integration processes in the Asia-Pacific region, an evaluation of the economic situation and the main trends of development of TPPA-countries.

Development banks represent the conjunction of state structure and commercial bank. Nations are investors (shareholders) in them, as a rule, but funding to the borrowers is provided on the basis of payment and recurrency. Thus, the international development banks perform political and commercial functions in its activities. This article is devoted to analysis of the political and commercial features of the functioning of such new international and regional development banks like the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) and the New Development Bank (NDB) and Russia’s interests in these financial institutions.

Today electronic transfers take a large part in overall money turnover. Electronic payment instruments are used to carry out money transfers. Only 15-20 years ago it was quite difficult to think about making instant electronic payments, not even considering the development of e-money or e-wallets. Settlements, transfers and issue of electronic money are the common knowledge of doing business nowadays. While the process of electronic payments is developing at a great speed nowadays, we should not forget about the governmental part of such process in regulating, controlling and even licensing electronic payment instruments. The article gives the classification of today`s payment instruments, measures of different governments and countries in recognition and control of operations connected with electronic money and electronic transfers are described. The core topic of this article is world’s best practice in using electronic money and the supervisory and control process on the governmental level.

In the article the author analyses the mechanism of the impact of global financial crisis on China’s banking sector. The increasing interaction between global macroeconomic disproportions in the last decade has contributed to the crisis around the world, including China. The analysis of the effects of the 2008-2009 global financial crisis revealed key problems of the Chinese banking system: the dependence on Western financial corporations, inconsistency of government policy to regulate macroeconomic problems. The author shows the prerequisites of the emerging crisis in modern China and identifies the conditions which determine the possibility of ensuring stable development of the Chinese banking system.

Countries in the CEE-region, including Russia, have much in common in the development of the IT-industry, and, in particular, software development domain. The specifics of the business models of IT-companies in the region accurately determine the level of quality of software products of such companies, and thus to understand the current level of their competitive position in the global market. Companies that produce software, refer to the “new economy”, which is characterized by specific features, including the rapidly changing of business conditions. This significantly affects the determination of competitive business models of these companies, which in turn have a decisive influence on the processes of production software. The article describes the 3 specific factors in the organization of software development business: increasing competition, diversity of supported technologies and devices, business’s growing investments model. For each factor are presented a set of possible control actions and are given examples of the practices of companies in the CEE-region

The tendencies of Novosibirsk consumer market development in 2013-2015 are analyzed in this paper. The analysis is based on assessment of market concentration level of the catering companies, that provide the customers services in preparation of coffee, and on diagnostics of the entrepreneurs which work in the sphere of consumer services. The research of the catering market revealed a tendency of entrepreneurs’ inclination to a network model of the business organization, as a form of entrepreneur’s protection against the actual risks under the current circumstances. This tendency entails an enhancement of dominating influence of large companies on the price level and the quality of their services. The described phenomenon is common for many markets in the consumer services sphere; it creates conditions for increase in price level while reducing the production of services for population and the level of their consumption. In our opinion, the efficiency of programs of the entrepreneurs’ state support depends not so much on a number of existing programs, but on measures of targeted support to entities in small and medium business. Such measures have to take into account the revealed in our study urgent problems and tendencies

This article is devoted to the modern state of small cities of Russia. The subject of research is current position of the small historic towns of Russia and also identifying their development prospects. The theme of the article covers the study of statistical information of the development of domestic tourism in the small towns of Russia and study of foreign experience. The objective is to identify the main problems and directions of development of small towns in the face of growing demand on the domestic tourism market. The article considers the issues of modern status and development trends of domestic tourism in Russia. The problem of lack of proper attention to the development of tourism in small historic towns has been identified. It was justified the necessity of attracting regional and local authorities and various business communities attention to this issue. It was highlight the following problems such as lack of competent marketing strategy for promotion of tourist destination; low level of service and quality of infrastructure of hospitality industry; low competitiveness and investment attractiveness of the region. It is concluded that tourism development in small towns can help solve the problems hindering their economic and social development.

The article - is description of Nobel prizes on economy. Nobel Prize in Economics “For the development of the theory of contracts” went to American professors Oliver Hart and Bengt Hallstrom. O. Hart was born in the UK, Swede B. Holmstrom - in Finland. Nevertheless, the history of the two laureates has more to do with the United States than with the historical homeland. Short CV of winners are presented, and summary of contract theory is described. Particular emphasis has been placed on agents opportunistic behavior and on winners works on soviet economic reforms of 1960’s years.