Видение зарубежными экспертами антироссийской санкционной политики

Предмет. Статья посвящена вопросам мотивации и оценки результативности массированных санкций против России с позиции зарубежных аналитиков. Автором проведен анализ правового обоснования санкционной политики развитых стран. Цель работы — дать представление о мотивах вводимых санкций и отношении экспертного аналитического сообщества и результативности подобной политики. Методы, используемые при написании работы, включают: синтез исследуемого массива информации, абстрагирование, индукцию, дедукцию, а также системный подход к анализу социально-экономических проблем. В заключение сделаны выводы о том, что санкции превращаются в инструмент внешней политики в масштабах мировой экономики, что поддерживается, в том числе по линии международных организаций.

1. Giumelli F. A comprehensive approach to sanctions effectiveness: Lessons learned from sanctions on Russia. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research. 2024;30(4):211-228. DOI: 10.1007/s10610-024-09585-x

2. Малдер Н. Санкции как оружие. Финансы & развитие. 2022;(июнь):20-23. URL: https://www.imf.org/-/media/files/publications/fandd/article/2022/june/ru/mulder.pdf

3. Guchua A., Aladashvili B. Sanctions: An effective tool in global affairs? Evaluation in light of sanctions against Russia. Online Journal Modelling the New Europe. 2025;(48):30-40. DOI: 10.24193/OJMNE.2025.48.02

4. Drezner D. Are economic sanctions effective foreign policy tools? Tufts Now. Jul. 08, 2024. URL: https://now.tufts.edu/2024/07/08/are-economic-sanctions-effective-foreign-policy-tools

5. Omokaro G. O., Nafula Z. S., Iloabuchi N. E., et al. Energy sanctions in the global economy: Geopolitical disruptions, market fragmentation, innovation and green transition. International Journal of Innovation Studies. 2025;9(3):246-261. DOI: 10.1016/j.ijis.2025.07.003

6. Preble K. A., Willis C. N. How Russia has managed to shake off the impact of sanctions — with a little help from its friends. The Conversation. Feb. 29, 2024. URL: http://theconversation.com/how-russia-has-managed-toshake-off-the-impact-of-sanctions-with-a-little-help-from-its-friends‑223632

7. Islam F., Mullane H. Russia to grow faster than all advanced economies says IMF. BBC. Apr. 16, 2024. URL: https://www.bbc.com/news/business‑68823399

8. Swanson A. Why sanctions haven’t hobbled Russia. The New York Times. Feb. 16, 2024. URL: https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/16/briefing/russian-sanctions.html

9. Casey C. A., Elsea J. K., Rosen L. W. The International Emergency Economic Powers Act: Origins, evolution, and use. Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service; 2025. 107 p. URL: https://www.congress.gov/crsproduct/R45618

10. Pollmann M. Japan is moving to expand defense exports. Constitutional revision is a bigger ask. The Diplomat. Feb. 26, 2026. URL: https://thediplomat.com/2026/02/japan-is-moving-to-expand-defense-exports-constitutional-revision-is-a-bigger-ask/

11. Bali M., Rapelanoro N., Pratson L. F. Sanctions effects on Russia: A possible sanction transmission mechanism? European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research. 2024;30(2):229-259. DOI: 10.1007/s10610- 024-09578-w

12. Fouad K. The Russian oil ban: Reassessment of the effectiveness of sanctions. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research. 2024;30(2):261-276. DOI: 10.1007/s10610-024-09583-z

13. Ovsiannikova I. EU and UK sanctions policies after Brexit: Divergent allies? The case study of Belarus. European Journal on Criminal Policy and Research. 2024;30(2):277-299. DOI: 10.1007/s10610-024-09584-y

14. McDaniel C. Western sanctions are raising Putin’s war costs. Forbes. Mar. 03, 2023. URL: https://www.forbes.com/sites/christinemcdaniel/2023/03/03/western-sanctions-are-raising-putins-war-costs/

15. Finelli F. Who are the Russian oligarchs? Recent developments in the case law of the European Court of Justice. European Papers: A Journal on Law and Integration. 2023;8(3):1513-1522. DOI: 10.15166/2499-8249/727

16. Siegel D. From oligarchs to oligarchy: The failure of U.S. sanctions on Russia and its implications for theories of informal politics. World Affairs. 2022;185(2):249-284. DOI: 10.1177/00438200221094588

17. Lee H.-S., Kumo K. The impact of sanctions on firms’ financial performance in Russia. Eurasian Business Review. 2026;16(2):677-703. DOI: 10.1007/s40821-025-00337-3

18. Аhn D. P., Ludema R. D. The sword and the shield: The economics of targeted sanctions. European Economic Review. 2020;130:103587. DOI: 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2020.103587

19. Epifanova E. Tech sanctions against Russia. Turning the West’s assumptions into lessons. DGAP Analysis. 2023;(3). URL: https://dgap.org/system/files/article_pdfs/DGAP_Analyse_2023_03_EN.pdf

20. Baqaee D., Malmberg H. Long-run consequences of sanctions on Russia. NBER Working Paper. 2025;(33506). URL: https://www.nber.org/system/files/working_papers/w33506/w33506.pdf

21. Szyszczak E. Sanctions effectiveness: What lessons three years into the war on Ukraine? Economic and Social Research Council. Feb. 19, 2025. URL: https://www.economicsobservatory.com/sanctions-effectiveness-whatlessons-three-years-into-the-war-on-ukraine