worldneweconomyМир новой экономикиThe world of new economy2220-64692220-7872Financial University under The Governtment оf The Russian Federation10.26794/2220-6469-2025-19-1-105-116worldneweconomy-500Research ArticleЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ТЕОРИЯECONOMIC THEORYГосударственная политика в сфере обращения с отходами: эффективные мировые практики для РоссииState Policy in the Field of Waste Management: Effective Global Practices for Russiahttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1517-0398КудрявцеваО. В.KudryavtsevaO. V.

Ольга Владимировна Кудрявцева - доктор экономических наук, профессор кафедры экономики природопользования экономического факультета

Москва

Olga V. Kudryavtseva - Dr. Sci. (Econ.), Professor of the Department of Environmental Economics of the Faculty of Economics

Moscow

olgakud@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1406-3286ВасильевС. В.VasilievS. V.

Сергей Владимирович Васильев - аспирант экономического факультета; продуктовый аналитик

Москва

Sergey V. Vasiliev - Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Economics; Product Analyst

Moscow

serzh_vasilev_1999@bk.ruМГУ им. М.В. ЛомоносоваРоссияLomonosov Moscow State UniversityRussian FederationМГУ им. М.В. Ломоносова; Публичное акционерное общество «МТС-Банк»РоссияLomonosov Moscow State University; Public Joint-Stock Company “MTS Bank”Russian Federation202504042025191105116Copyright © Кудрявцева О.В., Васильев С.В., 20252025Кудрявцева О.В., Васильев С.В.Kudryavtseva O.V., Vasiliev S.V.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://wne.fa.ru/jour/article/view/500

В мире существует ряд успешных практик и инициатив, направленных на решение проблемы обращения с отходами и снижение их негативного воздействия на окружающую среду. Актуальность их применения обусловлена ростом объемов накопления отходов, что становится глобальной экологической проблемой.Целью статьи является выявление экономических выгод на основе анализа возможностей внедрения в России эффективных мировых практик в сфере обращения с отходами.Методы исследования: экономико-статистический анализ, сравнение, обобщение, синтез, системный подход.Результаты. В статье представлены итоги реализации концепции «Город без отходов». Выявлены возможные выгоды от введения в эксплуатацию на территории некоторых регионов мусоросжигательных заводов; выработки электроэнергии при сжигании отходов, направляемых на полигоны; экономии традиционного топлива при производстве «зеленой» энергии на указанных заводах; применения механизма обратной логистики. Обобщены результаты реализуемых во многих странах эффективных программ возврата депозитов.Научная новизна. По итогам анализа авторами обосновано применение описанной мировой практики в России.Практическая значимость. Результаты исследования могут использоваться при разработке мероприятий в рамках проектов и стратегий развития, а также для адаптации мировых практик к российским реалиям с учетом экономических и экологических последствий.

Globally, there are a number of successful practices and initiatives aimed at solving the problem of waste management and reducing its negative impact on the environment. The relevance of their application is due to the growing volume of waste accumulation, which is becoming a global environmental problem.The aim of the article is to identify possible economic benefits based on the analysis of the possibilities of applying global practices in the field of waste management in Russia.Research methods: economic and statistical analysis, comparison, generalization, synthesis, systematic approach.The results of the study. The article presents results of potential implementation of the “waste-free city” concept. Possible economic benefits have been identified when incinerators are put into operation in some regions, electricity is generated by incineration of waste sent to landfills, and traditional fuel is saved in the production of “green energy” at these plants. The benefits of using the reverse logistics mechanism have been determined. The introduction of reverse logistics practices encourages the solution of waste reduction tasks, sustainable competitiveness, and economic benefits. The results of effective deposit repayment programs implemented in many countries are summarized.Scientific novelty. Based on the results of the analysis, the authors substantiate the application of world practice in Russia.Practical significance: the research results can be applied to develop project activities, development strategies, and to adapt global practices to Russian realities, taking into account economic and environmental consequences, while choosing the most appropriate mechanisms to support effective waste management practices.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.