worldneweconomyМир новой экономикиThe world of new economy2220-64692220-7872Financial University under The Governtment оf The Russian Federation10.26794/2220-6469-2024-18-1-80-92worldneweconomy-426Research ArticleМИРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКАWORLD ECONOMYМеждународная миграция и реформы миграционной политикиInternational Migration and Migration Policy Reformshttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8828-1761ТкаченкоА. А.TkachenkoA. A.

Александр Александрович Ткаченко, доктор экономических наук, главный научный сотрудник

Институт исследований международных экономических отношений

Москва

Alexander A. Tkachenko, Doctor of Economics, Professor, Chief Researcher

Institute for Research of International Economic Relations

Moscow

alaltkachenko@gmail.comФинансовый университетРоссияFinancial UniversityRussian Federation2024040620241818092Copyright © Ткаченко А.А., 20242024Ткаченко А.А.Tkachenko A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://wne.fa.ru/jour/article/view/426

   В статье рассмотрены проблемы регулирования нелегальной миграции развитыми странами и Европейским союзом, показаны достижения, вызывающие не всегда корректную критику, возможности использования опыта ряда стран и новых подходов. Особое внимание уделено международным организациям, занимающимся проблемами международной миграции, сделан вывод об отсутствии четкого разделения их функций по видам миграции, что мешаетформированию долгосрочной политики. Сформулированы предложения по усилению роли Международной организации труда (МОТ) в нормотворчестве по трудовой миграции, играющей все бо́льшую роль в устойчивом развитии; сделан вывод о необходимости изменения статуса конвенций по миграции, без чего невозможно эффективное регулирование трудовой миграции. Выделены страны Персидского залива, привлекающие внешних трудовых мигрантов, несмотря на быстрый рост местного населения. Выявлено отличие в политике стран по отношению к трудовой миграции в XXI и XX вв. Введено понятие «фидуциарная обязанность» правительств федеральных государств по отношению к внешней миграции.

   The article examines the problems of regulating illegal migration by developed countries and the European Union, the achievements that cause not always correct criticism, and the possibilities of using the experience of a number of countries and new approaches in this regulation are shown. Particular attention is paid to international organizations dealing with the problems of international migration. It was concluded that there is no clear division of their functions by type of migration, which prevents the formation of long-term policies. Proposals were formulated to strengthen the role of the International Labour Organization (ILO) in rule-making and norm-setting on labor migration, which plays an increasingly important role in sustainable development. It was concluded that it is necessary to change the status of the migration conventions, otherwise effective regulation of labor migration is impossible. The countries of the Persian Gulf that attract external labor immigrants despite the rapid growth of the local population are highlighted. The difference in countries’ policies towards labor migration in the 21st century compared to the 20th century is shown. The concept of “fiduciary duty” of federal governments in relation to external migration was introduced.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.