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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">worldneweconomy</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Мир новой экономики</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The world of new economy</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2220-6469</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2220-7872</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Financial University under The Governtment оf The Russian Federation</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.26794/2220-6469-2021-15-2-47-61</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">worldneweconomy-317</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>МИРОВАЯ ЭКОНОМИКА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>WORLD ECONOMY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Проблема внешнего долга стран европейского союза</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>External Debt Problem in the European Union</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7609-8089</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балюк</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balyuk</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балюк Игорь Алексеевич — доктор экономических наук, доцент Департамента мировых финансов.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Igor A. Balyuk — Dr Sci. (Econ.), Associate Professor of the Department of World Finance, Financial University.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">balyuk@bk.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2689-9512</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Балюк</surname><given-names>М. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Balyuk</surname><given-names>M. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Балюк Марина Альбертовна — кандидат экономических наук, независимый эксперт.</p><p>Москва.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Marina A. Balyuk — Cand. Sci. (Econ.), Independent expert.</p><p>Moscow.</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">baljuk@bk.ru</email></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Финансовый университет</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Financial University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>06</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>47</fpage><lpage>61</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Балюк И.А., Балюк М.А., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Балюк И.А., Балюк М.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Balyuk I.A., Balyuk M.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://wne.fa.ru/jour/article/view/317">https://wne.fa.ru/jour/article/view/317</self-uri><abstract><p>Актуальность темы статьи обусловлена тем, что в настоящее время одной из наиболее острых проблем современной мировой экономики и мировых финансов является быстрый рост внешней задолженности наиболее развитых стран мира, среди которых оказались многие страны Европейского союза (ЕС). Цель статьи — определить степень внешнедолговой нагрузки различных стран ЕС и оценить перспективы решения внешнедолговой проблемы в ЕС. В статье на основе сравнительного, экономико-статистического и графического анализа исследуются динамика, структура и особенности формирования внешнего долга в странах ЕС. Особое внимание уделяется анализу особенностей структуры суверенного внешнего долга стран ЕС в связи с обострившейся проблемой быстрого роста государственного долга в целом, рассматривается соотношение внешнего и внутреннего суверенного долга в различных странах ЕС, а также определяются группы стран ЕС, в которых формирование суверенного внешнего долга происходит на основе трансграничной или внутриграничной модели. На основе результатов проведенного исследования выявлена высокая степень зависимости экономики ЕС от международного долгового финансирования, сделан вывод о продолжающемся росте совокупного и суверенного внешнего долга стран ЕС, который крайне неравномерно распределен между различными странами-членами. Выявлен дисбаланс структуры чистого внешнего долга стран ЕС: количество нетто-заемщиков в два раза превышает количество нетто-кредиторов. По базовым показателям внешнедолговой устойчивости некоторые страны ЕС находятся в достаточно сложной ситуации и целиком зависят от возможностей рефинансирования внешнего долга.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The paper's relevance is substantiated by the fact that today a rapid growth of external debt of the most developed countries of the world (including European Union (EU) countries) is one of the most acute problems of the modern world economy and global finance. The paper aims to assess the degree of the external debt burden of various EU countries and evaluate the prospects of solving external debt problems in the EU. The article focuses on dynamics, composition, and specifics shaping the EU countries' external debt based on comparative, economic, statistical, and graphical analysis. Special attention we paid to the analysis of specifics of the EU countries' sovereign external debt composition connected with the acute problem of the rapid growth of public debt in general. The paper examines the ratio of public external and internal debt in various EU countries. It determines the EU particular countries where public external debt is shaping based on either cross-border or domestic model. The research results reveal a high degree of dependence of the EU economy on international debt finance. Gross external debt and sovereign external debt of the EU countries are still growing, and its distribution among various member states is very uneven. The structural imbalance of the EU countries' net external debt has also been revealed: the number of net borrowers is double that of net lenders. According to the basic external debt sustainability indicators, some EU countries are in a pretty tricky situation and entirely depend on the possibility of external debt refinancing.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>внешний долг</kwd><kwd>внутренний долг</kwd><kwd>государственный долг</kwd><kwd>Европейский союз</kwd><kwd>еврозона</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>external debt</kwd><kwd>internal debt</kwd><kwd>public debt</kwd><kwd>European Union</kwd><kwd>euro area</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Graeber D. Debt: the first 5 000 years. Melville House Publishing; 2011. 542 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Graeber D. Debt: the first 5 000 years. 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